Loom.



no. 693,677. Patented Feb. la, |902.

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(Application Bled Hay 2B, 1901.)

No. 693,677. Patented Feb. I8, |902.

J. WILLIS.

LO0M.

(Applicatiqn led May 28, 1901.) (No Nudel.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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No. 693,677. Patented Feb. la, 1902.

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LOOM.

(Application` led May 28, 1901.) (nu Model.) 3 sham-sheet 3.

THE Nonms PErzns GO.. Mmc-Lupo.. WASHINGTON. D. c,

IIEIIIEE STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOIIN WILLIS, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGIIOR OF ONE-IIALF TO LEIVIS A. ETHERINGTON, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

L O O Nl SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 693,67 '7, dated February 18, 1902. Application iiled May 28,1901. Serial No. 62,244. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern: showing a front elevation of the reed and nee- Beit known that I, JOHN WILLIS, a citizen dle-bars, showing the vertical needles in their of theUnited States, residingatPhiladelphia, lowest position in dotted lines. Fig. 4 is a county of Philadelphia, and State of Penndet-ail perspective view of a portion of the q 5 Sylvania, have invented a certain new and horizontal needle-bar and the mechanism for useful Improvement in Looms, of which the shifting the same laterally. Fig. 5 is a side following is a specication. elevation of `the wheel which regulates the My invention relates to new and useful immovement to be given to the horizontal nec- .proveinents in looms for cross-weaving, and dle. Fig. 6 is an edge elevation of the same. 6o 1o has for its object to construct aloom in which Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional View ot' the end ot auxiliary warp-throz'ids will be woven into the the lever which engages the pin upon the fabric and each of the warp-threads will be regulating-wheelshown in Figs. 5 and 6. Fig. made to assume irregular lines,.so as to make 8 is a diagram showing the way the stitches a geometrical pattern in the fabric when are formed in the fabric. Fig. 9 is a diagram- 65 woven, and the mechanism for bringing this matical view showing how the fabric would about will consist of a series of vertical neebeheld together by theauxiliary warp-threads dles through the eyes of which one set of the even without the main warp-tliieads,and Fig. auxiliary warp-threads are threaded and a -lO is a modification showing how the reeds series of horizontal needles through the eyes could be partitioned oft for the purpose of 7o zo of which the other set of auxiliary warpmore evenly dividing the main warp-threads.

threads are threaded. Both sets of the nee- In carrying out my invention as here emdles are carried by the lathe and rocked therebodied, A represents the side frames of the with, the vertical needles having a vertical loom, to which is pivoted at the point B the movement and adapted to pass between the lathe O. This lathe O carries a cross-barD, 75 horizontal needles, so as to form a shed of to the upper side of which is secured the rod the auxiliary Warp-threads for the passage of E. This rod consists of a series of arches E, the shuttle. The horizontal needles have a the endsof said archesbeingsecuredinacrosslateral motion for the purpose of bringing bar D. Through these arches are adapted to y about the irregular line of the auxiliary pass the main Warp-threads, and these arches 8o 3o threads. are of sufficient height to allow the main warp- Another feature of my invention is in the threads to be formed intoa shed'without said peculiar construction of the reed, in which the warp-threads coming in contact with either usual top cross-bar is dispensed with, so that the top of the arches or cross-bar D. These the vertical needles can pass between the reed. main Warp-threads pass through either a har- 85 lVith these ends in view this invention conncss or heddle, which is not illustrated in the sists in the details of construction and comdrawings, and the shed is formed in any of binat-ion of elements hereinafter set forth and the well-known ways. then specically designated by the claims. F is a cross-bar from which depends a se- In order that those skilled in the art to which ries of needles G, having eyes formed in their 9o 4o this invention appertains may understand lower ends. One set of auxiliary warphow to make and use the same, the constructhreads pass from a suitable source of supply tion and operation will now be described in through the eyes of the needles G. These detail, referring to the accompanying drawneedles are adapted to have avertical moveings, forming a part of this specification, in ment within the lathe C, and when these de- 93 whichscend they pass between the arches E of the Figure l is a front view of the loom having reed E. The cross-bar F, which carries the my improvement applied thereto. Fig. 2 is needles G, is guided in its vertical movement a sectional view of a loom, showing my imby means of the rods H, which are secured to provements applied thereto, the balance of each end of the crossbar, and extend downloo 5o the loom, which forms no part of my invenward and pass through the guides I-I, se-

tion, being omitted. Fig. 3 is a detail view cured to the side bars of the lathe O. The

lower ends of the rods l-I are connected by a cross-rod H2. Any suitable means can be ernployed to bring about this vertical movement of the cross-bar F and needles G. In the drawings I have illustrated a simple method in which a lever I is pivoted at the point I to the frame of the loom, the forward end of the lever being slotted at the point I2, through which slot passes the cross-rod H2.

J is-a shaft which is journaled in the frame of the machine, and secured to this shaft and adapted to revolve therewith is a cam J. The lever I rests upon this cam and is raised by the same, the weight of the cross-bar F and needles G being sufiicient to cause tho same to descend by gravity.

K is a horizontal needle-bar which is secured at one end in the uprights K', which project upward from a cross-bar L. This cross-bar L is adapted for a lateral reciproeating movement for the purpose hereinafter described and is held and guided in suitable guideways extending outward from the crossbar D of the lathe. Extending forward from the needle-bar K is a series of horizontal needles M, which have eyes formed through their forward ends, through which are threaded the othersetofauxiliarywarp-threads. Theneedles M lie in a position directly over the crown of the reeds E', and therefore in a line directlybetween the vertical needles G. There fore it is obvious that as one set of the auxiliary warp-threads'are carried by the vertical needles the other set of auxiliary warpthreads are carried by the horizontal needles, which horizontal needles are stationary as regards vertical movement. Vhen the vertical needles are forced downward to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3, a shed will be formed through which the shuttle will pass, carrying the weft between the auxiliary warp-threads as well as between the main warp-threads.

After the needles G have passed down between the horizontal needles M and the reeds E and the lathe has again traveled forward andV the vertical needles raised then the nee- (lle-bar K, carrying the horizontal needles M, is caused to shift sidewise, so that each individual needle will lie over a different arch and between a different set of vertical needles than it did previously. Then as the lathe travels backward and the vertical needles again descend the auxiliary warp-th reads carried by the vertical needles will then be caused to pass down the otherset of auxiliary warp-threads upon the side opposite from what they did previously. The fact of the horizontal needles shifting so that the auxiliary warp-threads carried by the vertical needles will pass downward first to one side then to the other of the horizontal needles is what causes the auxiliary warp-threads to represent an irregular line. The auxiliary warpthreads carried by the horizontal needles will thus always overlie the weft, while the auxiliary warp-threads carried by the vertical needles will overlie the warp-threads carried by the horizontal needles, but will pass underneath the weft. This will form a descent of the auxiliary warp-threads overlying the main weave and will have the appearance of crocheted fabric.

Any suitable means can be employed to automatically shift the needle-bar K first in one direction and then in the other as the lathe travels forward; but in the drawings I have illustrated a very simple mechanism which I prefer to use. This consists in providing the reciprocating cross-bar L with a downwardlyprojecting plate N, which has formed init the notch N', and also providing a reciproeating cross-bar O, which extends across the front of the machine and is guided in suitable guideways. Extending forward from this slide-bar O is an arm O/, which is pointed at its forward end, and thus has two bevels O2 and O3, formed upon each side thereof. These bevels act as cam-surfaces against the edges of the notch N when the lathe is passed forward. One edge or the other of the notch N will engage one of the bevel-surfaces O2 or O3, depending upon the position in which the arm O is placed, and these bevel-surfaces acting against the edges of the notch will force the slide-bar L in one or the other direction. This direction depends upon tho position of the slide-bar O, which carries the arm O'. In an ordinary weave,such as shown in Fig. 8, the horizontal needles are moved backward and forward the distance equal to the space between the arches of the reed. This will cause each of the auxiliary warpthreads to assume a wavy line, as shown in Fig. 8; but of course this is only one form of a weave which can be made with this loom, as it is obvious that the horizontal needles can be made to travel two or more spaces in one direction before returning, and thus in returning travel back two or more spaces, or the horizontal needles could travel step by step two or three spaces in one direction and then in returning jump the full distance at once. This, as I said, will depend entirely upon the position of the arm O, and for the purpose of shifting the bar O automatically I pivot to one end of the same the lever P, which lever is pivoted at the point p to one of the side frames of the machine. The lower end of this lever projects downward and is adapted t0 be engaged by pins Q, extending out from the face of a ratchet-wheel Q', also pivoted to the side frame of the machine. The lower end of the lever` P is beveled, as illustrated in Fig. 7. The ratchet-wheel Q is caused to revolve one space each time the lathe travels rearward by means hereinafter described. As the ratchet-wheel is revolved in this manner the pins Q will strike the bevel-surfaces P upon the end of the lever P, and thereby cause the slide-bar O to travel in one direction. Then if at the next step a shorter pin is encountered, or no pin at all, a spring R will pull upon the lower end of the lever, and

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thus move the slide-bar O in the opposite direction.

It is obvious that by forming the pins Q of different lengths and by placing the pins in different positions I cause the slide-bar O to travel in one direction step by step one, two, or three spaces and return in the same manner, or I can cause the bar to travel two or three spaces at a jump and step the same back, or a-llow it to return in the same manner. All of these diierent movements will permit a diierent pattern of the auxiliary warp-threads, as before described.

For the purpose of revolving the ratchetwheel Q', I pivot a pawl S to one side of the lathe C, and the nose of this pawl is adapted to engage the teeth of the ratchet-wheel when the lathe is in its forward position, and as the lathe is forced rearward it Will thus revolve the ratchet-wheel one step. A spring-pawl T, pivoted to the side frame of the loom and engaging the teeth of the ratchet-wheel, will serve to hold the said ratchet-wheel against retrograde movement.

In Fig. l0 I have illustrated a modilication wherein the arches E of the reed E are divided by partitions E2. This is for the purpose of evenly dividing the main warpthreads, so that the pattern of the weave will be more symmetrical.

Vhile I have shown one partition in the arches, any number of partitions could be employed by widening' the arches.

l is a bar which extends transversely across the loom behind the lathe, and to each end of this bar is secured the link 2, which is pivoted at the point 3 to the rear part of the loom-frame. This bar is adapted to be held in its normal position by means of the spring el. The upper auxiliary warpthreads which pass over the vertical needles are adapted to pass over this tension-bar 1, and thus be supported to prevent them from becoming entangled when the vertical needles descend.

Of course I do not Wish to be limited to the exact construction here shown, as slight modiications could be made without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and useful isl. In a loom, the combination with a heddle or harness of ordinary construction, an open-top reed carried by the lathe, said reed being composed of a series of arches through which the main warpthreads are threaded, a series of vertically-reciprocating needles through which one set of the auxiliary warpthreads are threaded, a series of laterally-reciprocating needles through which the other set of auxiliary warp-threads are threaded, l

both of said sets of needles being carried by the lathe, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

2. In a loom, an open-top reed consisting of a series of arches through which the main warp-threads are threaded, a series of vertically-reciprocating needles adapted in their reciprocating movement to pass between the arches of the reed, a series ot' horizontallydisposed needles, laterally-reciproeating needles, eyes formed in the ends of both sets of needles through which are adapted to be threaded certain auxiliary warp-threads, both sets of needles and reed adapted to be carried by the lathe, as and for the purpose specied.

3. In a loom, an open-top reed carried by the lathe, said reed consisting of a series of arches secured in the crossbar, the main warp-threads adapted to be threaded through said arches, a series of vertically-reciprocating needlesl through the eyes of which are adapted to be threaded one set of auxiliary warp-threads, said vertical needles arranged directly above the reed and adapted in their downward movement to enter between the arches of the reed, a series of laterally-reciprocating horizontal needles, through the eyes of which are threaded the other set of auxiliary warp-threads, said horizontal needles adapted to lie directly over the arches of the reed and pass between the vertical needles as said vertical needles descend, both sets of needles adapted to be carried by the lathe, means forfcausing the vertical needles to reciprocate, means actuated by the motion of the lathe for causing the horizontal needles to reciprocate laterally, substantiallyas described andfor the purpose specied.

4. In a loom, the combination of an opentop reed, substantially as shown and de scribed, carried by 'the lathe, a series of vertically-reciprocating needles also carried by the lathe with a series of laterally-reciprocating needles carried by the lathe, said laterally-reciprocating needles adapted to be reciprocated in one. direction a predetermined distance and back again to their previous position, means actuated by the movement of the lathe for reciprocating the horizontal needles, interchangeable means for controlling and regulating the distance the said needles are to reciprocate, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto af fixed my signature in the presence ot two subscribing witnesses.

J OI'IN WILLIS.

W'itnesses:

MARY E. HAMEE, L. W. MORRISON.

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